Padrões de cabos resistentes ao fogo para aplicações ferroviárias (EM 45545)
Os ambientes ferroviários exigem rigorosa segurança contra incêndio devido aos espaços fechados e ao grande volume de passageiros. EM 45545 é a norma europeia que rege os requisitos de comportamento ao fogo para materiais utilizados em aplicações ferroviárias, incluindo chicotes de fios.
What Is EN 45545?
EM 45545-2 specifies fire testing requirements for materials used in trains.
It classifies materials into hazard levels (HL1, HL2, HL3) based on the type of rolling stock and operating conditions.
Key Testing Criteria
Flame Spread: Determines how quickly fire can propagate along a cable.
Heat Release Rate: Measures the energy emitted during combustion.
Smoke Density and Toxicity: Critical for passenger evacuation and safety.
Considerações sobre materiais e design
Use of low-smoke, halogen-free materials
Flame-retardant insulation and sheathing
Shielding to prevent short-circuits during fire events
Processo de Certificação
Testing performed by certified labs using EN 50305, EM 60332, e ISO 5659-2 padrões
Products must be labeled with their compliance level (por exemplo, HL3)
Conclusão
EM 45545 compliance is critical for wire harnesses used in rail systems. By selecting appropriate materials and design approaches, manufacturers can ensure safety while meeting international railway standards.